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Programmable viscosity metamaterials: Designing fluid properties using temporal superposition of shear and acoustics

Prateek Sehgal1,*, Meera Ramaswamy2, Edward Y. X. Ong2, Christopher Ness3, Itai Cohen2, and Brian J. Kirby1,4

  • 1Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
  • 2Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
  • 3School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FG, United Kingdom
  • 4Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill–Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA

  • *Contact author: ps824@cornell.edu
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Phys. Rev. Research 6, 043107 – Published 5 November, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.043107

Abstract

Metamaterials are composite structures whose extraordinary properties arise from a mesoscale organization of their constituents. Here, we introduce a different material class—viscosity metafluids. Specifically, we demonstrate that we can rapidly drive large viscosity oscillations in shear-thickened fluids using acoustic perturbations with kHz to MHz frequencies. Because the timescale for these oscillations can be orders of magnitude smaller than the timescales associated with the global material flow, we can construct metafluids whose resulting time-averaged viscosity is a composite of the thickened, high-viscosity and dethickened, low-viscosity states. We show that viscosity metafluids can be used to engineer a variety of unique properties including zero, infinite, and negative viscosities. The high degree of control over the resulting viscosity, the ease with which they can be accessed, and the variety of exotic properties achievable make viscosity metafluids attractive for uses in technologies ranging from coatings to cloaking to 3D printing.

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Phys. Rev. Research 6, 043107– Published 5 November, 2024
  • Received 1 August 2023
  • Accepted 22 September 2024
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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